If it is cold in a house or apartment in winter, there is little pleasant in it. You can solve the problem in several ways: warm up, get an oil heater turned on, or go to warm countries for a while — every year. There is another option: buy a gas boiler, tidy up the heating system, and at the same time hot water, and forget about chronic discomfort for a long time, if not forever. Occupation is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. First you need to choose a boiler, and how to do it correctly, says the article.
Content:
The best manufacturers of gas boilers - which company to choose
Building an effective heating system begins with the purchase of a boiler. But before it needs to be chosen correctly, and in order to do this, it is necessary to take into account many nuances. One of them - the unit is better to acquire one of the reputable companies that have positively proven in the market.
These companies include the following:
- Vaillant;
- Buderus;
- Baxi;
- Protherm;
- Bosch.
These manufacturers are among the best - they have a wide range of popular with users of models. Choose one of them will help you our rating of the best gas boilers.
The principle of operation and the device gas boilers
The gas boiler is a wall or floor unit of predominantly rectangular-parallelepiped shape, which produces energy during combustion of the fuel and thereby ensures the functioning of the heating and hot water supply systems.
In general, the boiler consists of the following elements:
1. Housing;
2. Burner;
3. Heat exchanger;
4. Circulation pump;
5. Bend for combustion products;
6. Control and management unit.
Depending on the design, the boiler operates in one of several modes - according to a simplified scheme: gas is supplied to the burner, which is switched on from a piezoelectric element or electricity; the fuel is ignited and heats up the coolant through a heat exchanger; the latter is forced by the pump to circulate in the heating system.
In the course of operation, an important role is played by safety systems that prevent overheating, freezing, gas leakage, blocking the pump and other troubles.
In the work of units there are individual features. In the variant with a 2-circuit model, the hot water supply is additionally arranged. In the case of an open firebox, the combustion products will be removed through the chimney, with the chamber closed - through a coaxial pipe. Steam energy is also used in condensation models.
Types of gas boilers
With an open combustion chamber
Boilers with an open combustion chamber to maintain fire using air that comes directly from the room with the equipment located there. Allocation is carried out with the help of natural draft through the chimney.
Since the device of this type burns a lot of oxygen, it is installed in a non-residential specially adapted room with 3-fold air exchange.
These devices are absolutely not suitable for apartments of multi-storey buildings, since the ventilation wells as chimneys can not be used.
Benefits:
- simplicity of design and, as a result, low cost of repair;
- lack of noise during operation;
- wide range of;
- relatively low cost.
Disadvantages:
- the need for a separate room and chimney;
- unsuitable for apartments.
With closed combustion chamber
For units with a closed firebox, there is no need for a specially equipped room, since their chamber is sealed and does not contact directly with the internal airspace.
Instead of the classic chimney, a horizontal coaxial is used, which is a pipe in the pipe - one end of this product is attached to the top of the appliance, the other - through the wall overlooks the street. Such a chimney works simply: air is supplied through the external cavity of a two-pipe product, exhaust gas is removed through an internal opening using an electric fan.
This device can be installed both in apartments and houses, and in any room convenient for operation.
Benefits:
- no need for a special room;
- operational safety;
- relatively high environmental friendliness;
- easy installation;
- usability.
Disadvantages:
- electricity dependency;
- high noise level;
- High price.
Single circuit
Single-boiler - a classic heating device with a local purpose: the preparation of the coolant for the heating system.
Its main feature is that in the design among the set of elements only 2 tubes are provided: one for the entry of cold liquid, the other for the exit already heated. The structure also includes 1 heat exchanger, which is natural, the burner and the pump pumping the coolant - in the case of natural circulation, the latter may be missing.
When the DHW device is installed, an indirect heating boiler is connected to the CO system - taking into account the possibility of such a prospect, manufacturers produce boilers that are compatible with this drive.
Benefits:
- relatively low fuel consumption;
- simplicity in design, maintenance and repair;
- the possibility of creating a hot water supply using an indirect heating boiler;
- acceptable price.
Disadvantages:
- applies only to heating;
- a special room is desirable for a kit with a separate boiler.
Double circuit
Double-circuit units are more complicated - they have one ring for heating and the other for hot water. The design may have 2 separate heat exchangers (1 for each system) or 1 joint bithermic. The latter consists of a metal housing, an outer tube for the CO and an inner tube for the DHW.
In standard mode, the water, heated, is supplied to the radiators - when the mixer, for example, washing, is turned on, the flow sensor is activated, as a result, the circulation pump is turned off, the heating system stops working, the hot water circuit starts to function. After closing the tap, the previous mode is resumed.
Benefits:
- provision of hot water to several systems at once;
- small dimensions;
- simple installation;
- affordable cost;
- the possibility of local heating off for the season "spring-autumn";
- large selection, including design;
- ease of use.
Disadvantages:
- flow diagram of hot water supply;
- accumulation of salt deposits in hard water.
Gas boiler selection options
Power
To calculate the power, you can proceed from the rule: 1 kW of heat energy heats the area of housing up to 10 m2 - with more accurate calculations, the following factors are taken into account: ceiling height, number of exterior walls, window sizes, connection with the attic (basement), area of residence, wind rose and others factors.
If the device (single-circuit) is needed also for hot water supply (+ indirect heating boiler), the consumption mode is taken into account, as well as the number of folding points and occupants - this is about + 30%.
Since the equipment at maximum capacity will not work for a long time, another 20% is given to the obtained value. Taking into account all the nuances, it is quite possible that for a house of 120 m2 you will need a boiler with a capacity of 20 kW.
Design
Based on the design, the devices are:
1. With an open combustion chamber, atmospheric burner, internal air intake, removal of exhaust gases through a vertical chimney;
2. With closed firebox, turbo burner, air supply and exhaust of combustion products through a coaxial horizontal chimney.
Number of systems serviced
Based on the number of serviced systems, the devices are divided into 1- and 2-circuit.
1. With the help of separate circuits, heating is arranged, and you can additionally install an indirect heating boiler and get hot water immediately after opening the tap.
2. Double-circuit units are more suitable for apartments - they are compact and easy to install, for example, in the kitchen.
Type of installation
By type of installation, boilers are different wall and floor.
1. The first ones have a small capacity and a steel heat exchanger, in addition, they are compact and light, therefore they fit perfectly into the kitchen set of apartments.
2. The latter are more suitable for private houses with rather big square. In such dwellings, as a rule, powerful and heavy units with a cast-iron heat exchanger are installed.
Availability of automation
An important role in the operation of devices is played by automation, which controls the work of all key components. Temperature sensors are installed on the contours of the CO and SGWS - they help to maintain the optimum mode of operation, and water and electricity are economized.
Protection system
The protection system is at a high level - it reacts to the electrics disconnection, if necessary, extinguishes the flame and cuts off the gas supply. In addition, in the event of a breakdown, the error information is displayed.
Which gas boiler to choose
Domestic gas boilers are most often used in private houses and apartments, although in the latter central heating is usually carried out - perhaps not the most efficient. The installation takes place in cottages, cottages, baths and similar objects.
1. The following boiler type will be suitable for apartments: 2 circuits, closed combustion chamber, coaxial chimney, convection type of heating, electronic control, wall mounting, power ranging from 10 to 30 kW
2. The following type of boilers will suit the house: 1 circuit + indirect heating boiler, open firebox, vertical chimney, specially equipped room, condensation heating, electronic control, floor installation, power from 20 to 50 kW.
How much does a gas boiler cost?
1. For a small apartment - Bosch Gaz 6000 W WBN-12C: N = 5.4 ... 12.0 kW, efficiency 93.2%, convection, 2-contour, wall-mounted, with a closed firebox. 23.9 ... 35.9 thousand rubles.
2. To give - Vaillant atmoVit VK INT 164 1-5: N = 16.9 kW, efficiency 91.5%, convection, 1-circuit, floor, with an open firebox. 70.4 ... 92.4 thousand rubles.
3. For a large apartment - Protherm Cheetah 23 MOV: N = 9 ... 23.3 kW, efficiency 90.3%, convection, 2-contour, wall-mounted, with an open firebox. 32.7 ... 39.1 thousand rubles.
4. For the home - Vaillant ecoVIT VKK INT 366: N = 11 ... 34 kW, condensing, 1-circuit, floor-standing, with a closed firebox. 140.8 ... 186.4 thousand rubles.
5. For a cottage - Baxi SLIM 1.490 iN: N = 24.95 ... 48.7 kW, efficiency 90%, convection, 1-contour, floor, with an open firebox. 65.7 ... 85.2 thousand rubles.
6. For the mansion - Buderus Logano G334WS-73: N = 73 kW, efficiency of 93%, convection, 1-circuit, floor, with an open firebox. 170.0 ... 240.3 thousand rubles.
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