In a private house there is always a lot of work with wood: prepare firewood, remove excess branches on garden plants, cut boards for a fence, etc. To make it easier and faster to complete these tasks, use chainsaws. They are actively used in the construction of baths and log houses. With the help of professional models felled wood. This article will help you understand the differences between the instrument and teach you how to choose it correctly.
Content:
The best manufacturers of chainsaws - which company to choose
To purchase a quality chain tool for cutting wood, you can refer to the products of the best chainsaws manufacturers:
1. Huter
2. Makita
3. Echo
4. Husqvarna
5. Stihl
After reviewing a detailed review of the models, you will see the suitability of a garden tool for various needs. Those who want to understand all the features of chainsaws and choose each parameter personally should read this article to the end.
The principle of operation and the device chainsaws
Chainsaws are used in a variety of conditions: from small works in the garden (pruning branches, knots, removing unwanted wood), to construction and professional logging. A small tool is completely autonomous, because it works on fuel. It can be carried away from civilization and work all day, if there is an additional canister. The unpretentious device rarely breaks and is easily repaired.
The principle of operation of the tool lies in the functioning of the internal combustion engine, for which purpose there is a small fuel tank and an oil tank. The rotation of the power unit transmits torque to the sprocket, which includes the legs of the chain. Runs the movement of links on the bus, consisting of two connected lanes. At its edge there is a groove through which the legs sit deep and the chain does not fly off.
The sawing is carried out by rotating the chain at high speed, which reaches 9000 rpm. The link structure has protruding spikes that engage the wood fiber and cut it. The operator holds the device on the weight of the two handles. On one there is a key to start the rotation, as well as a lock from accidental activation. The engine starts up from a cable trigger.
Depending on engine size, the tool can work from 2 to 16 hours. Most models are equipped with an emergency chain brake system, which is activated if an urgent stop of rotation is required. The tension of the cutting element is carried out by the movement of the tire in the grooves and its fixation with bolts or a clamping screw. The latter allows you to correct the circuit within a minute and continue to work immediately.
The structure of the chainsaw includes the following elements:
- motor;
- fuel tank;
- two handles;
- guide bus;
- saw chain;
- protection shield;
- starting device;
- gear support.
Types of chainsaws
Household chainsaws
The units are distinguished by a small engine size of up to 40 cm. Cub., Short tires (25-35 cm.) And low power. They are used in cottages for cutting firewood, cutting unwanted trees, minor construction works.
Advantages:
- compact size, convenient for transportation;
- economical fuel consumption;
- relatively quiet operation;
- cheap price.
Disadvantages:
- the tool can work without stopping for just one or two hours;
- to cut a thick apple it is necessary to make a passage from several sides;
- in some models, chain tension only with a key;
- on hard material the device wears out quickly.
Semi-professional
Devices with an engine capacity of 40-60 cm. Cube. allow you to use them throughout the day with short breaks. Often equipped with longer tires by 40-45 cm.The power of a chainsaw reaches 2-3 kW, which makes it possible to use them in the construction of baths, houses or courtyards. They are convenient to cut an opening under the window or door.
Advantages:
- can work 6-8 hours;
- large range of cost (depending on the manufacturer);
- wide application;
- availability of emergency brakes;
- quick chain adjustment.
Disadvantages:
- Some models only interact with original components;
- the width of the groove does not always correspond to the power of the device, and the tire can bend when biting.
Professional
A tool with high power up to 6 kW, long tires up to 60 cm and a capacity of the power unit 60-120 cm cube. In active mode, they work up to 8 hours, and with short interruptions they are able to function 16 hours a day. This is ideal for felling.
Advantages:
- high power;
- long work;
- emergency brake;
- cutting even thick stems at a time;
- wear resistant accessories.
Disadvantages:
- high price;
- hands get tired of weight and vibration.
Chainsaw selection options
Understanding the relationship of each characteristic of a chain tool will help you choose a device suitable for the required tasks. Here are the main parameters and their purpose.
Tire length
This characteristic has a range from 30 to 60 cm, which affects the ability of the tool to cut a certain diameter of the barrel at a time:
1. Models with the parameter of 35-38 cm are suitable for harvesting firewood, cutting knots and small works in the yard. It will be possible to cut down a tree with this device, but you may have to make two gash for cutting through the entire trunk.
2. Chainsaws with a tire of 40-45 cm are suitable for working with soft and more solid wood species and small construction (bath, gazebo, veranda). They are used for the formation of the roof (trimming rafters, sheds).
3. The tool with the tire of 50-60 cm is used in professional felling of wood where cutting of thick trunks is required.
By installing a long tire on a low-power machine, the user condemns it to rapid wear and tear. Short tires on professional devices work equally well as long ones.
Power
This parameter affects performance. It is measured in hp motor or translated into electrical value of kW, where 1 hp equals 0.75 kW:
1. The tool with an indicator to 2 kW is suitable for country use.
2. Models of 2-3 kW are designed for cutting soft and medium hard rocks (pine, poplar, maple, birch) and will be useful both in the country and in short construction projects.
3. From 4 to 6.5 kW has indicators professional equipment designed for felling.
If the power of the device does not correspond to the work being done, then the operator will have to put more pressure on the tire, and the rotating mechanisms may jam when in contact with solid materials.
Engine capacity
There are models from 25 to 120 cm. Cube. with a total volume of all cylinders. This parameter has an effect on the duration of the tool during the day:
1. Chainsaws with a motor up to 40 cm. Cube. suitable for a couple of hours, after which they need a long break. Therefore, they are applicable for seasonal daily harvesting of firewood, working in the garden, building a fence.
2. Units up to 60 cm. Cube. can function up to 8 hours a day, which makes them suitable for semi-professional activities on a small construction site, building a gazebo, canopy.
3. Devices with a volume of 60 d about 120 cm. Cube. allow you to work continuously for 8 hours or intermittently up to 16 hours a day. The tool can cut the forest even in two shifts.
Slot width
This characteristic is important when calculating the hardness of the material being cut. If you have to work constantly with soft species of trees, then there are enough indicators in 1.1-1.3 mm. Accordingly, the chain leg, entering the groove, will be thinner, but the saw will be able to work properly for a long time. But when such a tool begins to systematically cut oak, beech, ash, the chain will quickly wear out and tear.
A groove of 1.5-1.6 mm implies a thicker chain, which is useful when regularly working with hardwoods.But it will not affect soft materials in any way, so you should not overpay for a wider groove.
Chain pitch
On the bus moves the chain, which has a certain step. He called the distance between the three links, divided by two. It depends on the speed of cutting material.
There are three known meanings:
- 0.325 Duma is used for cutting knots, small-scale summer works;
- 0.375 inches suitable for small construction;
- 0.404 inches will be required at a permanent job, where time and timing are of great importance.
But in proportion to the increase in speed, the vibration at the tool handles will also increase, so the model with a long chain pitch is suitable for use only by professionals who know how to handle this technique well.
Weight chainsaws
Cutting units can be from 2.7 to 8 kg:
1. For work at height (pruning branches on trees) light models of up to 3.5 kg will be useful.
2. It is convenient to prepare a blockhouse for a bathhouse or to cut openings for doors and windows with a tool weighing 4-5 kg.
3. Powerful heavy machines designed for cutting low above the ground (thick trunks), but require experience and physical endurance. People with stress restrictions will be hard to manage.
Emergency brake
When the end of the tire falls on the material being cut, the entire tool receives a kickback and throws it back onto the operator. If the chain at this moment continues to rotate, then it can accidentally cut clothing or cause injury to a person.
In some models, an emergency brake is installed, which interacts with the protective frame of the instrument. When you strike a man mechanically beats his hand on the limiter, which leads to a chain brake. The system is triggered to stop when the cutting element is jammed in order to save internal parts from destruction. This function is useful for beginners or those who are constantly sawing vertical logs, trunks, where there is a high likelihood of “biting” a chain with a mass of material being cut.
Fuel tank
Its volume affects the ability to work without stopping. This is especially important for workers engaged in construction or logging. Here they buy a tool with a maximum parameter of 0.55 l. To give or periodic work (building your own gazebo, sauna), where time is not running out, you can buy a chainsaw with a 0.3 liter tank.
Which chainsaw to choose
Having learned the key selection criteria, we can single out several specific recommendations for a specific type of work:
1. Chainsaw to the cottage for cutting branches in the garden, making firewood, minor works, will require tires of 30-35 cm, power 1.5 kW, power unit size 40 cm cubic, groove width 1.1 mm, with a cutting element pitch of 0.325 inches It will be convenient to handle a weight of up to 3 kg.
2. To cut only soft wood (pine, poplar, linden, alder) you will need a tool with a 40 cm bus, 2 kW power, 0.325 inch chain pitch, 1.3 mm groove width and 3-4 kg weight.
3. For active use in the construction of baths, houses, gazebos, you need a chainsaw with a 50 cm bus, a tank capacity of 0.3 liters, a motor with cylinders up to 40 cm cubic, with a power of 4 kW and a chain step of 0.375 inches, 5 kg weight and slot width for a leg of 1,5 mm.
4. On a professional swath, forests use units with a 60 cm tire, 6 kW capacity, engine capacity 100-120 cm3, with a groove width of 1.6 mm. Chain pitch should be 0.404 inches, and weight in the range of 6-8 kg. Mandatory protection against kickback and 0.55 liter tank.
How much does a chainsaw
Knowing the specific requirements for the instrument, it is not very difficult to calculate its cost:
1. Apparatus for giving you can buy for 5000-7000 rubles.
2. More versatile amateur models for soft wood will cost 9000-15000 rubles.
3. Construction chainsaws estimate 20,000 rubles.
4. Professional units for felling woods cost 35000-60000 rubles.
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